Kawasan Hutan Hujan Tropis Indonesia dan Ancaman yang Mengintai

Creata Indonesia • Jul 16, 2021

Kawasan Hutan Hujan Tropis Indonesia menempati urutan ketiga terbesar di dunia setelah Brazil dan Republik Demokratik Kongo1. Hutan hujan tropis merupakan sebuah keistimewaan yang tidak dimiliki oleh setiap negara merdeka di bumi ini. Keajaiban tata letak pada sekitar garis khatulistiwa menjadikan hutan hujan tropis sebagai rumah untuk setengah spesies flora dan fauna di seluruh dunia. Hutan hujan tropis juga dijuluki sebagai "farmasi terbesar dunia" karena hampir 1/4 obat modern berasal dari tumbuhan di hutan hujan ini. Ajaib bukan Indonesia dengan potensi hutan hujan tropis nya?

Hutan Hujan Tropis (Photo by Jeremy Zero on Unsplash)

Hamparan luas hutan hujan tropis yang mendominasi pulau besar Indonesia seperti Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, dan Papua telah menjadikan Indonesia sebagai salah satu surga makhluk hidup dengan keragaman yang jauh melampaui Amerika dan Afrika. Tidak hanya sekadar untuk flora dan fauna, tetapi juga untuk penduduk asli dan masyarakat adat yang hidup berdampingan dengan alam di kedalaman hutan hujan tropis.


Hutan hujan tak hanya  memberikan kehidupan bagi makhluk yang menempatinya secara langsung. Layanan ekologis yang diberikan oleh hutan hujan merupakan salah satu penjaga kelangsungan ibu bumi. Layanan ekologis ini merupakan salah satu pilar yang menjaga keseimbangan bumi hingga detik ini. Hal ini, termasuk menyimpan ratusan milyar ton karbon, melindungi dari banjir dan kekeringan, menstabilkan tanah, mempengaruhi pola curah hujan, dan menyediakan rumah bagi satwa liar.


Hutan tropis sendiri mampu memproduksi oksigen atas 25-30 persen dari perputaran oksigen dunia dan menyimpan karbon sekitar 229-247 milyar ton karbon melalui fotosintesis; ia mempengaruhi pola curah hujan dan cuaca; siklus banjir dan kekeringan yang moderat; dan memfasilitasi siklus nutrisi; lebih tinggi daripada ekosistem lain. Karena terletak di daerah tropis, ia menerima banyak sinar matahari yang dikonversi menjadi energi oleh tanaman melalui proses fotosintesis.


Hutan hujan juga merupakan sumber dari banyak produk yang bermanfaat di mana masyarakat lokal bergantung pada hal tersebut. Dalam mencukupi pemenuhan kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari untuk makan dan minum, masih banyak masyarakat yang mengandalkan dari hasil hutan. Tidak hanya kebutuhan untuk makan dan minum tetapi juga hasil alam yang berlebih dimanfaatkan untuk proses yang memberikan keuntungan ekonomi secukupnya.  Masyarakat yang hidup dengan alam memiliki cara yang berbalut dalam tradisi dan budaya untuk bisa menjaga kehidupan hutan lestari tanpa merusak mengambil secara berlebih terhadap apa yang telah diberikan oleh alam. Pemanfaatan hasil bumi oleh penduduk lokal telah menjadi salah satu jalan hidup dan diwariskan secara turun-temurun dari satu generasi ke generasi berikutnya.


Namun hal ini telah menjadi sebuah gambaran yang sedikit banyak berubah seiring dengan perkembangan zaman dan kehidupan yang serba cepat. Sentuhan teknologi, kebutuhan akan tempat tinggal yang terus meningkat dan kurangnya kesadaran manusia untuk hidup berkelanjutan dan selaras alam telah menggerogoti sedikit demi sedikit kawasan hutan hujan tropis di pulau besar Indonesia.


Praktik penebangan liar juga menjadi salah satu ancaman yang terus menjadikan kawasan hutan hujan Indonesia terancam. Ancaman lain yang juga tak kalah serius adalah deforestasi. Kegiatan yang dengan sengaja mengubah bentuk dan fungsi hutan untuk dialihkan menjadi wilayah pertanian, peternakan, atau menjadi perkotaan ini terus menjadi momok yang mengintai sisa kawasan hutan hujan di Indoneisa. Deforestasi tahunan Indonesia  pernah mencapai lebih dari 3,5 juta hektare dalam periode 1996 hingga 2000. Angka ini terus mengalami kenaikan dalam 20 tahun terakhir.

Ilustrasi kebakaran hutan (Photo by Matt Palmer on Unsplash)

Berbagai kebijakan juga telah dilakukan untuk mengantisipasi keadaan darurat terhadap kondisi hutan hujan di Indonesia. Kebijakan Presiden Jokowi, seperti pengelolaan kebakaran hutan dan lahan (karhutla) melalui perbaikan peringatan dini dan antisipasi, dan mitigasi. Selain itu, dilakukan pengelolaan lahan gambut melalui moratorium izin baru dan pemanfaatan secara tepat lahan gambut serta pengaturan muka air tanah dengan teknik hidrologi. Upaya lainnya melalui penegakan hukum terhadap kegiatan ilegal, termasuk penerapan efektif Sistem Jaminan Legalitas Hutan Indonesia yang dikenal sebagai Sistem Verifikasi Legalitas Kayu.


Sistem Verifikasi Legalitas Kayu (SVLK) merupakan salah satu penawaran yang diberikan oleh QSI Indonesia. QSI sebagai sebuah badan sertifikasi yang memiliki semangat untuk menjaga kelestarian hutan Indonesia memberikan angin segar untuk mengajak masyarakat terlibat lebih dalam dan sadar terhadap pilihan yang bisa kita ciptakan terhadap kondisi hutan Indonesia.


Source :

  1. https://id.fsc.org/id-id/program-fsc-indonesia/hari-ini-aku-belajar-hiab/hutan-hujan-tropika
  2. https://www.forestdigest.com/detail/508/svlk-dihapus-demi-apa
By Muhammad Imam Taufik 15 Apr, 2024
The image of a majestic whale entangled in plastic debris, or a sea turtle mistaking a plastic bag for a jellyfish, is a stark reminder of the growing crisis of ocean plastic pollution. Millions of tons of plastic waste enter our oceans each year, causing devastating consequences for marine ecosystems and ultimately, for ourselves. The fight against this plastic tide requires a multi-pronged approach, and at the very forefront stands a diverse group of individuals and organizations: the Ocean Bound Plastic (OBP) collectors. These dedicated entities play a critical role in intercepting plastic waste before it reaches our precious oceans, but their roles and responsibilities are as varied as the landscapes they operate in. By understanding this intricate network of collectors, we gain a deeper appreciation for the complex yet crucial efforts underway to protect our oceans. Collection Organization Lead the charge in OBP collection, responsible for organizing the systematic retrieval of OBP. These entities, whether companies or other organizations, stick to strict standards outlined in the OBP Collection Organization Standard (OBP-COL-STD). Small Collector While Collection Organizations handle large-scale collection, there's another important group: Small Collectors. These legal entities collect OBP and sell it to certified organizations under the OBP Collection Organization Standard (OBP-COL-STD) or the OBP Neutralization Services Provider Standard (OBP-NEU-STD). Independent Collector On a smaller scale are Independent Collectors, typically individuals or very small groups operating independently. Despite their modest size, Independent Collectors play a crucial role by collecting and selling smaller quantities of OBP, typically below 200 kilograms per day on a monthly average. Supplier Group These are a collaborative effort specifically designed for Small Collectors, which linked contractually to a certified organization, allow smaller entities to pool their resources and expertise. This collaborative approach makes OBP collection more accessible and efficient for smaller organizations, while ensuring adherence to OBP standards. Central to the effectiveness of these collection mechanisms are the standards set forth by the OBP Certification Program. By adhering to guidelines outlined in documents such as the OBP Collection Organization Standard (OBP-COL-STD), collectors ensure that their activities are not only effective but also environmentally responsible. These standards provide a framework for accountability, transparency, and continuous improvement within its ecosystem. If you're interested in learning more about how your organization can get involved in the OBP Certification Program, please visit our website or give us a call . See you, Qualizer !
By Muhammad Imam Taufik 10 Apr, 2024
The International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC) is a leading force in ensuring the environmentally, socially, and economically responsible production of the feedstock markets. This commitment translates into a set of stringent certification requirements that promote sustainability throughout the entire supply chain. At its core, ISCC aims to foster the sustainable production of biomass and its derived products. A fundamental aspect of this commitment is the prohibition of converting lands with high biodiversity value or carbon stock for biomass production. This prohibition not only safeguards ecosystems but also promotes responsible land management practices. Moreover, ISCC mandates minimum greenhouse gas (GHG) savings, surpassing mere compliance with European legislation. By setting higher benchmarks, ISCC encourages continual improvement and awareness in emission reduction efforts. Diving deeper into ISCC's framework, there are two primary categories of feedstocks: Bio and Bio-Circular materials. Bio At the heart of ISCC’s mission is the preservation of biodiversity and carbon-rich ecosystems. The certification strictly prohibits converting land of high ecological value into biomass production areas, thereby ensuring that the feedstocks market does not contribute to deforestation. This approach not only aligns with European legislation but also fosters global awareness and encourages ongoing efforts to reduce emissions. The Bio feedstock encompasses virgin biomass, the biodegradable portion of products from agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and aquaculture. ISCC's sustainability principles for farms and plantations, encompassing legal requirements and additional environmental, social, and economic considerations, guide responsible production practices. ISCC’s sustainability framework for farms and plantations is encapsulated in six principles. The first principle aligns with the Renewable Energy Directive II (RED II), setting the legal groundwork. The subsequent principles elevate the standard by addressing broader environmental, social, and economic aspects. Adherence to these principles is not just compliance; it’s a commitment to a world free from deforestation, enriched biodiversity, and robust ecosystems. Bio-Circular The Bio-Circular feedstock focuses on waste and residues from agriculture, forestry, and even household waste. Bio-circular is a prime example of the Circular Economy in action. Instead of being landfilled or burned, these waste materials are diverted and given a new life. This reduces reliance on finite resources, lowers greenhouse gas emissions, and lessens the pressure on agricultural land. The significance of utilizing waste and residues cannot be overstated. Apart from reducing environmental footprint and reliance on finite resources, these materials alleviate pressure on agricultural land, preventing competition with food or feed crops. Encouragingly, many European Union Member States incentivize the use of biofuels derived from wastes and residues under the Renewable Energy Directive (RED II), aligning with ISCC's mission. Central to ISCC's certification process is the rigorous management of waste and residues throughout the supply chain. Origin points, such as restaurants generating used cooking oil, must ensure that waste is unavoidable and not deliberately created. Additionally, farms and plantations producing agricultural residues must adhere to ISCC sustainability principles, implementing waste management plans and adopting best practices to minimize landfilling and on-site burning. By promoting sustainable feedstock production and responsible waste management practices, ISCC certification paves the way for a greener future. Its commitment to reducing deforestation, minimizing GHG emissions, and fostering a circular economy positions ISCC as a leader in the drive towards a more sustainable and environmentally conscious world. Stay tuned as we are going to discuss the other categories of feedstock markets: circular and renewable! In the meantime, please visit our website or give us a call if you want to know more about the bio and bio-circular of the ISCC certification!
By Muhammad Imam Taufik 08 Apr, 2024
In the ongoing battle against plastic pollution, innovative solutions are emerging to tackle the pressing issue of ocean-bound plastic waste. One such solution gaining momentum is the concept of Ocean Bound Plastic (OBP) Credits. These credits represent a significant step forward in the fight to remove low-value plastic from the environment while incentivizing sustainable practices. Let's delve into what OBP Credits entail and their potential impact.  Understanding OBP Credits Imagine a currency dedicated to cleaning our oceans. Each OBP Credit represents one kilogram of low-value OBP collected and responsibly treated by a certified organization. These credits are independently verified to ensure the plastic is genuinely removed from the environment, not simply estimated or forecasted. In the OBP certification program, this type of plastic waste is called Non-Commercially Recyclable OBP. It refers to any plastic waste that can't be recycled at a profit and therefore never gets collected for recycling. How Does it Work? The process involves several key steps: Certified Project The journey of an OBP Credit begins with organizations dedicated to collecting and treating OBP waste undergo a rigorous certification process. They must meet the OBP-NEU-STD standard, ensuring responsible collection, ethical treatment, and transparent tracking. Verification and Issuance Third-party certification bodies verify the project's work, guaranteeing the plastic's removal and treatment. Tracking and Transparency Once verified, the corresponding OBP Credits are issued and tracked in the Zero Plastic Oceans (ZPO) registry, providing transparency and accountability. How Can Businesses Use OBP Credits? Companies can utilize OBP Credits as part of their plastic footprint reduction strategies. Here's the typical approach: Plastic Footprint Assessment Businesses first identify their plastic usage. Reduction Strategies Companies implement measures to minimize unnecessary plastic use and optimize internal operations for circularity (reusing and recycling plastic). Offsetting Remaining Plastic Footprint After implementing reduction strategies, companies can offset any unavoidable plastic use by purchasing OBP Credits. The Benefits of OBP Credits By purchasing OBP Credits, companies gain several advantages: Direct Impact Funding goes towards projects that remove plastic waste unlikely to be collected otherwise. This ensures the project's viability and a tangible environmental benefit. Empowering Waste Pickers Certified projects often operate in developing countries, creating jobs and improving working conditions for waste pickers. They can collect and sell a wider variety of plastic waste, increasing their income. OBP Credit Issuance and Retirement OBP Credits are issued by certified organizations that meet the "OBP Neutralization Services Provider Standard." Following verification of their work, the certification body issues batches of OBP Credits. Each credit is serialized and registered with ZPO, guaranteeing its authenticity. Once a company acquires OBP Credits to offset their plastic footprint, those credits are retired. The unique identifier system ensures each credit can only be used once, preventing double-counting. OBP Credits offer a powerful tool in the fight against ocean plastic pollution. By removing waste, supporting ethical waste collection practices, and promoting responsible business practices, OBP Credits contribute to a cleaner and healthier planet. Ready to join the movement and make a real difference? Visit our website at or give us a call to learn more about how OBP Credits can help your business achieve its sustainability goals!
Show More
Share by: